Assalam Alykum
I apologize for the delay, this was due to several matters I had to attend
Alhumdu lil lah the pressure is abit less now, and I hope this will be the final in the subject, ON THE ROAD OF NARJESS
In this final chapter, I will continue to list the number of the major Byzantine king who ruled until the time of the birth of the LEGEND of MAHDI. this will be borrowed from Prof. Donald . I will then list all the kings who ruled regardless whether they were major or minor, and I will then finish the topic with the last king who ruled at the time of the said Mahdi with extra details about his Biography .
My comments will follow the final king.
We last stopped at king Theodosius1 who ruled until 395AD, and divided the land between his two sons.
Before we continue, I will mark the birth of the alleged Mahdi. He was born in 255 AH which is year 876AD
We will borrow the name from Prof. Donald, and call this chapter THE EMPIRE TO 867
Theodosius I, divided the imperial office jointly to his sons, both of whom were young and incompetent: Arcadius in the East and Honorius in the West.
The reign of Arcadius lasted until 408AD, his successor was Theodosius II who lasted until 450AD
Theodosius II was succeeded by Marcian (ruled 450-457)
Both Marcian and his successor, Leo I (ruled 457-474), had ruled under the tutelage
of Flavius Ardaburius Aspar
It is clear that several dynasty' and king started to rule the eastern part of the Roman empire (the Byzantine)
As we continue, we will see that no certain family has ruled for long, and we will also see that these rulers have no connection to the families originated in the middle east.
, Leo resolved to challenge Aspar's pre-eminence and the influence of the Goths elsewhere in the empire by favoring the warlike Isaurians and their chieftain, Tarasicodissa, whom he married to the imperial princess, Ariadne. The Isaurian followers of Tarasicodissa, who was to survive a stormy reign as the Emperor Zeno (474-491), were rough mountain folk from southern Anatolia and culturally probably even more barbarous than the Goths or the other Germans. Yet, in that they were the subjects of the Roman emperor in the East, they were undoubtedly Romans and proved an effective instrument to counter the Gothic challenge at Constantinople. In the prefecture of Illyricum, Zeno ended the menace of Theodoric the Amal by persuading him (488) to venture with his Ostrogoths into Italy. The latter province lay in the hands of the German chieftain Odoacer, who in 476 had deposed Romulus Augustulus, the last Roman emperor in the West. Thus, by suggesting that Theodoric conquer Italy as his Ostrogothic kingdom, Zeno maintained at least a nominal supremacy in that western land while ridding the Eastern Empire of an unruly subordinat
With Zeno's death and the accession of the Roman civil servant Anastasius I (ruled 491-518), Isaurian occupation of the imperial office ended, but it was not until 498 that the forces of the new emperor effectively took the measure of Isaurian resistance. After the victory of that year, the loyal subject of the Eastern Roman emperor could breathe easily: Isaurians had been used to beat Germans, but the wild mountain folk had, in their turn, failed to take permanent possession of the imperial office. Imperial authority had maintained its integrity in the East while the Western Empire had dissolved into a number of successor states
The 6th century opened, in effect, with the death of Anastasius and the accession of the Balkan soldier who replaced him, Justin I (ruled 518-527). During most of Justin's reign, actual power lay in the hands of his nephew and successor, Justinian I. The following account of these more than 40 years of Justinian's effective rule is based upon the works of Justinian's contemporary, the historian Procopius. The latter wrote a laudatory account of the Emperor's military achievements in his Polemon (Wars) and coupled it in his Anecdota (Secret History) with a venomous threefold attack upon the Emperor's personal life, the character of the empress Theodora, and the conduct of the empire's internal administration. Justinian's reign may be divided into three periods: (1) an initial age of conquest and cultural achievement extending until the decade of the 540s; (2) 10 years of crisis and near disaster during the 540s; and (3) the last decade of the reign, in which mood, temper, and social realities more nearly resembled those to be found under Justinian's successors than those prevailing throughout the first years of his own reign.
Anastasius' successors, Justinian I (ruled 527-565), as he undertook the conquest of the West after a treaty for peace with the Persians
Justin II (565-578) haughtily refused to continue the payment of tribute to Avar or Persian; he thereby preserved the resources of the treasury, which he further increased by levying new taxes. Praiseworthy as his refusal to submit to blackmail may seem, Justin's intransigence only increased the menace to the empire. His successor, Tiberius II (578-582), removed the taxes and, choosing between his enemies, awarded subsidies to the Avars while taking military action against the Persians
Notice that the prophet Salla allahu alyhe wa sallam, was born at the time of JUSTIN II
The accession of Maurice in 582 inaugurated a reign of 20 years marked by success against Persia, a reorganization of Byzantine government in the West, and the practice of economies during his Balkan campaigns that, however unavoidable, would destroy him in 602
The ensuing reign of Phocas (602-610) may be described as a disaster. Khosrow seized the opportunity offered him by the murder of his benefactor, Maurice, to initiate a war of revenge that led Persian armies into the Anatolian heartland. Subsidies again failed to restrain the barbarians north of the Danube; after 602 the frontier crumbled, not to be restored save at the cost of centuries of warfare. Lacking a legitimate title, holding his crown only by right of conquest, Phocas found himself confronted by constant revolt and rebellion
Phocas is the king who lost against the Persians, as we were told in the Quran
The aging Heraclius (610-641)was unequal to the task of containing this new menace (ISLAM), and it was left to his successors--Constantine III (ruled February to May 641), Constans II (641-668), Constantine IV (668-685), and Justinian II (685-695, 705-711)--to do so. This bare list of emperors obscures the family conflicts that often imperiled the succession, but gradually the principle was established that, even if brothers ruled as coemperors, the senior's authority would prevail. Although strife between Blues and Greens persisted throughout the century, internal revolt failed to imperil the dynasty until the reign of Justinian II. The latter was deposed and mutilated in 695. With the aid of the Bulgars, he returned in 705 to reassume rule and wreak a vengeance so terrible that his second deposition, and death, in 711 is surprising only in its delay of six years. From 711 until 717 the fortunes of the empire foundered; in that year, Leo, strategos of the Anatolikon theme, arrived as a second Heraclius to found a dynasty that would rescue the empire from its new enemies, the Arab Muslims and the Bulgars
For more than a century after the accession of Leo III (717-741), a persisting theme in Byzantine history may be found in the attempts made by the emperors, often with wide popular support, to eliminate the veneration of icons, a practice that had earlier played a major part in creating the morale essential to survival. The sentiment had grown in intensity during the 7th century; the Quini***t Council (Council in Trullo) of 692 had decreed that Christ should be represented in human form rather than, symbolically, as the lamb. The reigning emperor, Justinian II, had taken the unprecedented step of placing the image of Christ on his coinage while proclaiming himself the "slave of God." Evidence of a reaction against such iconodule (or image venerating) doctrines and practices may be found early in the 8th century, but full-fledged Iconoclasm (or destruction of the images) emerged as an imperial policy only when Leo III issued his decrees of 730. Under his son, Constantine V (ruled 741-775), the iconoclastic movement intensified, taking the form of violent persecution of the monastic clergy, the foremost defenders of the iconodule position. The Council of Nicaea in 787 restored iconodule doctrine at the instigation of the empress Irene, but military reversals led Leo V to resurrect in 815 the iconoclastic policies associated with Constantine V, one of Byzantium's most successful generals. Not until 843 were the icons definitively restored to their places of worship and icon veneration solemnly proclaimed as Orthodox belief. Even this brief summary suggests that the Emperor's fortunes on the battlefield were of no small moment in determining his attitude toward the icons, those channels whence superhuman power descended to man. An account of the age of Iconoclasm opens appropriately, then, with its military history
In the face of the Bulgar menace, none of the following three emperors succeeded in founding a dynasty. Nicephorus I (ruled 802-811), the able finance minister who succeeded Irene, reimposed the taxes that the Empress had remitted and instituted other reforms that provide some insight into the financial administration of the empire during the early 9th century. In the tradition of Constantine V, Nicephorus strengthened the fortifications of Thrace by settling, in that theme, colonists from Asia Minor
Taking arms himself, he led his troops against the new and vigorous Bulgar khan, Krum, only to meet defeat and death at the latter's hands. His successor, Michael I Rhangabe (811-813), fared little better; internal dissensions broke up his army as it faced Krum near Adrianople, and the resulting defeat cost Michael his throne. In only one respect does he occupy an important place in the annals of the Byzantine Empire. The first emperor to bear a family name, Michael's use of the patronymic, Rhangabe, bears witness to the emergence of the great families, whose accumulation of landed properties would soon threaten the integrity of those smallholders upon whom the empire depended for its taxes and its military service. The name Rhangabe seems to be a Hellenized form of a Slav original (rokavu), and, if so, Michael's ethnic origin and that of his successor, Leo V the Armenian (ruled 813-820), provide evidence enough of the degree to which Byzantium in the 9th century had become not only a melting-pot society but, further, a society in which even the highest office lay open to the man with the wits and stamina to seize it. Leo fell victim to assassination, but before his death events beyond his control had improved the empire's situation. Krum died suddenly in 814 as he was preparing an attack upon Constantinople, and his son, Omortag, arranged a peace with the Byzantine Empire in order to protect the western frontiers of his Bulgar empire against the pressures exerted by Frankish expansion under Charlemagne and his successors. Since the death of the fifth caliph, Harun ar-Rashid, had resulted in civil war in the Muslim world, hostilities from that quarter ceased. Leo used the breathing space to reconstruct those Thracian cities that the Bulgars had earlier destroyed. His work indicates the degree of gradual Byzantine penetration into the coastal fringes of the Balkan Peninsula, as does the number of themes organized in that same region during the early 9th century: those of Macedonia, Thessalonica, Dyrrhachium, Dalmatia, and the Strymon.
The new emperor, Michael II, was indeed able to establish a dynasty--the Amorian, or Phrygian--his son Theophilus (829-842) and his grandson Michael III (842-867) each occupying the throne in turn, but none would have forecast so happy a future during Michael II's first years. Thomas the Slavonian, Michael's former comrade in arms, gave himself out to be the unfortunate Constantine VI and secured his coronation at the hands of the Patriarch of Antioch; this was accomplished with the willing permission of the Muslim caliph under whose jurisdiction Antioch lay. Thomas thereupon marched to Constantinople at the head of a motley force of Caucasian peoples whose sole bonds were to be found in their devotion to iconodule doctrine and their hatred of Michael's Iconoclasm. Assisted by Omortag and relying upon the defenses of Constantinople, Michael defeated his enemy, but the episode suggests the tensions beneath the surface of Byzantine society: the social malaise, the ethnic hostility, and the persisting discord created by Iconoclasm. All these may explain the weakness displayed throughout Theophilus' reign, when a Muslim army defeated the Emperor himself (838) as a prelude to the capture of the fortress of Amorium in Asia Minor. It may also explain the concurrent decline of Byzantine strength in the Mediterranean, manifest in the capture of Crete by the Arabs (826 or 827) and in the initiation of attacks upon Sicily that finally secured the island for the world of Islam. Iconoclasm certainly played its part in the further alienation of East from West, and a closer examination of its doctrines will suggest why this may have been.
From the above, we can see several kings ruled Byzantia, non of these kings carry the name KAISAR, or YUSHA. The only place to look for these names is Dizny Land with Mickey Mouse and Peter Pan.
Now let us continue and list all the Byzantine kings names.
Constantinian dynasty
St. Constantine I the Great (Constantinus Pius Felix Invictus Augustus Pontifex Maximus Pater Patriae Proconsul) (AD 272 - 337, ruled 306 - 337) – son of Constantius I Chlorus; left the empire redivided among his heirs; canonized
Constantius II (Iulius Constantius) (317 - 361, ruled 337 - 361) – son of Constantine I
Julian the Apostate (Claudius Iulianus) (331 - 363, ruled 361 - 363) – Pagan son-in-law of Constantine I, brother-in-law and first cousin of Constantius II, grandson of Constantius I
Non-dynastic
Jovian (Iovianus) (332 - 364, ruled 363 - 364) – Soldier, restored Christianity
Valentinian-Theodosian dynasty
Valentinian I (Valentinianus) (321 - 375, ruled 364) – Soldier, redivided the empire, taking the West
Valens (Iulius Valens) (328 - 378, ruled 364 - 378) – brother of Valentinian I
Gratianus (359 - 383, ruled 378 - 379) – son of Valentinian I
Theodosius I the Great (346 - 395, ruled 379 - 395) – soldier; married to Valentinian I's daughter Galla
Arcadius (377 - 408, ruled 395 - 408) – son of Theodosius I
Theodosius II the Younger (401 - 450, ruled 408 - 450) – son of Arcadius
Ste. Pulcheria (399 – 453, ruled 408 - 441, 450) – sister of Theodosius II; canonized
St. Marcian (Marcianus) (392 - 457, ruled 450 - 457) – soldier; married Pulcheria after Theodosius's death; canonized by the Orthodox church
Leonid dynasty
Leo I the Thracian (Valerius Leo) (401-474, ruled 457 - 474) – soldier
Leo II (467 - 474, ruled 474) – grandson of Leo I, son of Zeno
Zeno (425 - 491, ruled 474 - 475) – son-in-law of Leo I; orig. Tarasicodissa, an Isaurian
Basiliscus ( ? - c. 477, ruled 475 - 476) – usurper; brother-in-law of Leo I
Zeno (ruled 476 - 491) – restored
Anastasius I (430 - 518, ruled 491 - 518) – silentiarius; son-in-law of Leo I, elevated by selection by Zeno's widow Ariadne
Justinian dynasty
Justin I (Iustinius)(450 - 527, ruled 518 - 527) – commander of the guard
Justinian orders the Compilation of the Pandects
St. Justinian I the Great (Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus)(482 - 565, ruled 527 - 565) – nephew and adoptive son of Justin I; canonized by the Orthodox church
Theodora
Justin II (Iustinius Iunior) (520 - 578, ruled 565 - 578) – nephew of Justinian I; mad
Tiberius II (Tiberius Constantinus) (540 - 582, ruled 574, 578 - 582) – Comes Excubitris; adopted by Justin II
Maurice (Mauricius Tiberius) (539 - 602, ruled 582 - 602) – son-in-law of Tiberius II
Non-dynastic
Phocas the Tyrant ( ? - 610, ruled 602 - 610) – usurper; betrayed by his son-in-law
Heraclian dynasty
Heraclius (or Ηράκλειος) (575 - 641, ruled 610 - 641) – usurper; son of the Armenian Exarch of Africa
Constantine III Heraclius (Κωνσταντίνος Γ' Ηράκλειος) (612 - 641, ruled 641) – son of Heraclius; coemperor with Heracleonas
Heracleonas (Heraclius II) Constantine (Ηρακλεωνάς) (626 - 641?, ruled 641) – son of Heraclius; mutilated and deposed
Constans II Heraclius (Κώνστας Β' Ηράκλειος) (630 - 668, ruled 641 - 668) – son of Constantine III; assassinated by chamberlain
Constantine IV the Bearded (Κωνσταντίνος Δ' ο Πωγώνατος ) (649 - 685, ruled 668 - 685) – son of Constans II
Justinian II the Slit-nosed (Ιουστινιανός Β' ο Ρινότμητος) (668 - 711, ruled 685 - 695) – son of Constantine IV; mutilated, deposed, & exiled
Non-dynastic
Leontius (Λεόντιος) (ruled 695 - 698) – Strategos (general); mutilated, deposed, & imprisoned - later executed
Tiberius III (Τιβέριος Γ' ο Αψίμαρος) (ruled 698 - 705) – German orig. named Apsimar; deposed & executed
Heraclian dynasty
Justinian II (ruled 705 - 711) – restored; deposed & executed
Non-dynastic
Philippicus Bardanes (Φιλιππικός Βαρδάνης) (ruled 711 - 713) – Armenian soldier; deposed & mutilated
Anastasius II (Αναστάσιος Β') ( ? - 721, ruled 713 - 715) – orig. Artemios; secretary of Philippicus; deposed & entered monastery, later revolted & was executed
Theodosius III (Θεοδόσιος Γ' ο Αδραμμυττηνός) (ruled 715 - 717) – tax-collector; abdicated & entered monastery
Isaurian dynasty
Leon the Isaurian against the Arabs
Leo III the Isaurian (Λέων Γ' ο Ίσαυρος) (675 - 741, ruled 717 - 741) – Strategos
Constantine V Copronymus (the Dung-named) (Κωνσταντίνος Ε' ο Κοπρώνυμος ή Καβαλίνος) (718 - 745, ruled 741) – son of Leo III; deposed
Artabasdus the Icon-lover (Αρτάβασδος ο Εικονόφιλος) (ruled 741 - 743) – Leo III's chamberlain and son-in-law
Constantine V (ruled 743 - 775) – restored
Leo IV the Khazar (Λέων Δ' Χάζαρος) (750 - 780, ruled 775 - 780) – son of Constantine V
Constantine VI the Blinded (Κωνσταντίνος ΣΤ') (771 - 797, ruled 780 - 797) – son of Leo IV; deposed and mutilated by mother
Ste. Irene the Athenian (Ειρήνη η Αθηναία) (755 - 803, ruled 797 - 802) – wife of Leo IV, mother of Constantine VI; canonized by the Orthodox church; deposed & exiled to Lesbos
Phocid dynasty
Nicephorus, 811 AD, Constantine Manasses Chronicle 1345 Manu******
Nicephorus I Phocas (Νικηφόρος Α' Φωκάς) ( ? - 811, ruled 802 - 811) – Megas Logothetes; died in battle, skull used as wine cup
Stauracius (Σταυράκιος Φωκάς) ( ? - 812, ruled 811) – son of Nicephorus I; paralyzed
Michael I Rhangabes (Μιχαήλ Α' ο Ραγκαβέ) (ruled 811 - 813) – son-in-law of Nicephorus I & master of the palace; deposed & entered monastery
Non-dynastic
Leo V the Armenian (Λέων Ε' ο Αρμένιος) (775 - 820, ruled 813 - 820) – Strategos; assassinated
Phrygian dynasty
Michael II the Stammerer or the Amorian (Μιχαήλ Β' ο Τραυλός η Ψηλλος) (770 - 829, ruled 820 - 829) – Strategos, son-in-law of Constantine VI
Theophilus (Θεόφιλος) (813 - 842, ruled 829 - 842) – son of Michael II
Ste. Theodora (Θεοδώρα) (ruled 842 - 855) – wife of Theophilus; empress and regent for Michael III; canonized by the Orthodox church; deposed & entered monastery
Michael III the Drunkard (Μιχαήλ Γ' ο Μέθυσος) (840 - 867, ruled 842 - 867) – son of Theophilus; assassinated
Macedonian dynasty
Basil I the Macedonian (Βασίλειος Α') (811 - 886, ruled 867 - 886) - married Michael III's widow; died in hunting accident
Leo VI the Wise (Λέων ΣΤ' ο Σοφός) (866 - 912, ruled 886 - 912) – likely either son of Basil I or Michael III;
The most important King in the list is Basil I the Macedonian (867-886) this king should be what the Rafidah claiming to be the father of Narjess
No doubt his name do not match the Rafidah story, but let us see if his life match what the Rafidah have put in their books.
The King Biography
Around 812: Born in Macedonia, to a peasant family, possibly of Armenian origin. The year of birth is disputed, one estimate sets it as late as 835. The region was under control of Bulgaria.
830's: Escapes to Constantinople.
Late 850's: Is made chamberlain by Emperor Michael 3.
865 April: Influences Micheal to have his close advisor, Bardas, murdered; Basil takes Bardas position.
866 May: Michael makes Basil co-emperor, he even adopts him, although Basil is about 25 years older.
Around 865: Emperor Michael's mistress, Eudocia Ingerina, officially marries Basil, while Basil himself, lived in reality with Thekla, the emperor's sister.
866 September 19: Eudocia Ingerina gives birth to Leo, who is assumed to be Michael's son.
867 September 23: Basil has Michael murdered in Constantinople, making himself sole emperor.
— Reinstates the deposed Patriarch Ignatius and excommunicates Patriarch Photius.
869: Makes his real son, Constantine, co-emperor.
870: Makes Leo too co-emperor.
870's: Bulgaria accepts the ecclesiastical jurisdiction of Constantinople, after Basil's pressure.
870's: Most of the remaining territory in Sicily is lost to the Abbasids.
872: Basil's son-in-law Christopher crushes the Paulicians on the borders of the Armenian province in Asia Minor.
877: Patrarch Ignatius dies, and Photius is made new patriarch.
878: Syracuse is captured by the Abbasids.
879: Photius is recognized as patriarch by the Pope in Rome.
— Basil's son, Constantine, dies. He appoints his youngest son, Alexander, co-emperor instead.
880: Captures strategically important ports on the southern Italian peninsula.
880's: Byzantines establishes a strong presence in the Adriatic Sea.
886 August 29: Dies from an hunting accident. He is succeeded by L
1- He was not from a Nobel family, his father was not a king, he was a Macedonian PEASANT. in Arabic (FALLAH)
2- His name is [COLOR="Red"]Basil[/COLO]
3- He has no daughter by the name of malikah, he has one daughter married to his army leader
I finally ....... WHERE IS NARJESSSSSSSSS ,
المفضلات